Hydrocarbon motor



Aug. 10 1926. 1,595,434

J. G. VINCENT HYDROCARBON MOTOR Filed May 21 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 gjnuenfoz Aug 1% 192 1,595,434 J. can VINCENT HYDROCARBON MOTOR Filed May 21, 1921 2-Sheats--$hoet 2 Patented Aug. 10, 1926..

UNITED STATES 1,595,434 PATENT OFFICE.

JESSE G. VINCENT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF'DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

' mnocamaon moron.

Application Med May 21, i921. Serial No. 471,808.

This invention relates to hydrocarbonmotors, and particularly to valve operating mechanism therefor.

In hydrocarbon motors of L-head type, it is usual to mount the valve stems and tappets in alignment with or over the cam shaft, and to actuate the valves by direct contact between. the cams and the valve tap ets. This arrangement of the parts has een found to cause side thrust and undue wear on the tappets, thereby giving rise to faulty operation of the valves.

One of the objects of this invention is to eliminate side thrust on the valve tappets.

Another object of the invention is to provide a valve rocker arm construction and mounting that may be economically manufactured and may be easily assembled.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for efliciently lubricating the cam shaft and rock shafts on which the rocker arms are mounted.

Further objects of'the invention will appear from the following specification taken in connection with the drawings, which form a part thereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of a h drocarbon motor illustrating my improved valve operating 90 mechanism.

Figure 2 is a side elevation, partly in sec-- tion, of a valve operatmg mechanism constructed in accordance wlth my invention.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view, on

an enlarged scale, illustratin the method of lubricating the cam shaft an rock shafts.

Figure 4- is a longitudinal section taken through the casing in which the rock shafts are mounted.

Figure 5 is a detailed sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken substantially on line 5-5 of Figure 4; and g Figures 6 and 7 illustrate in side elevation and plan'the rocker arm construction.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown in Figure 1 a portion 10 of the crank case of. a hydrocarbon motor upon which is mounted a cylinder block havin cylinders 11, one of which is shown, a cyhnder head 12 supported on the cylinder block and having a combustion space 13, spark plug 14, intake port 15, and intake valve 16. The valve 16 has a vertically disposed. 'downwardly extending valve stem 17, mounted in a bushing 18 and normally actuated to seat the valve by a pair of springs 19 which surround the valve stem and engage a washer 20 secured in any suitable manner to the stem.

The lower end of the valve stem is engaged by an adjustable member 21 carried by a valve t'appet,22, slidably mounted in a bushing 23 carried by the crank case, the bushing being provided with a flange 24 seating on the upper surface 25 of the crank case.

' The crank shaft is shown at 26 in'Figure 3 and this shaft is connected in any suitable manner to drive the cam shaft 27, which is mounted in bearings 28 carried by aligned openings 29, preferably cast integral with the crank case.

The crank case is provided with a series of openings 30 adjacent the cam shaft and through which extend valve rocker arms 31 illustrated in detail in Figures 6 and 7. Each 7 ofthe rocker arms is pivoted at one end 32 on a rock shaft hereinafter described, carries intermediate its ends a pivoted or rotatable roller 33 and has formed at its opposite end a surface 34 adapted to engage the lower end of the valve tappet 22. The roller 33 is mounted in a longitudinal slot 35, formed in the rocker arm, on a pin 36 which extends transversely through this slot and is retained in place by a cotter pin. The came 38 on the cam shaft 27 engage the rollers 33 and thereby actuate the rocker arms, tappets, valve stems, and valves.

The rock shafts 39 upon which the rocker arms 31 are mounted at their ends 32, are carried in spaced apart bearings 40, formed in a casing 41 which is bolted over and covers the openings 30 formed in the crank case, the casing being secured by a series of bolts 12.

From the showing in Figure 2, it will be seen that the ends of the rock shafts 39 are chamfered, as shown at 43, and are also slotted as shown at 44, these slots and chamfered edges being provided to facilitate the passage of oil to the interior of the rock shafts, these shafts being preferably hollow. Oil is conducted tothe bearing portions of the casing 41 in the following manner: From the crank shaft bearings 45, the oil is led through conduits 46 in supports 47 formed in the crank case, through conduits 48 formed in the cam shaft bearings from which the oil passes through transverse openings 49 into the, interior of the cam shaft. From the hollow camshaft, the oil is led out through the lateral openings 49 and-openings 50, the latter being also formed in the cam shaft bearing, through openings 51 formed in the wall of the crank case, to conduits 52 which lead to the rock shaft bearings, and-from these conduits 52 the oil passes in between the rock shafts and through the slots 44 to the interior of the shafts. From the interior of the shafts, the oil is led out through openings 53, thereby lubricating the ends 32 of the rocker arms.

Means has been provided for preventing the unnecessary escape of oil from the rocker arm bearing portions, this means comprising a plurality of washers 55, one washer being placed at each end of each arm bearing portion 32, and the rocker arms are maintained in close contact with these washers by means of a plurality of springs 56, one spring being positioned between each two arms and forcing the arms away from each other and into engagement with the washers, or if the washers are not used, into engagement with the bearing portions 40 of the casing 41. This method of mounting the arms also automatically takes up any wear on the parts and thereby gives a construction which will operate very quietly and efliciently.

The valve operating mechanism above described functions in the followin manner:

As the cam shaft 27 is rotated by the operative connections between this shaft and the crank shaft, the cams will rotate, thereby engaging the rollers on the rocker arms.

' 31 and rotating the arms on their shafts 39,

the free ends ofthe arms to raise o.

causing the va ve tappets 22, valve stems 17, and valves 16.

From the above description, it will be seen that a construction of valve operating mechanism has been provided which may be economically manufactured and may be easily and quickly assembled, and further, a construction by the use of which the side thrust and unnecessary wear on the tappets will be eliminated. Furthermore, it will be evident that the lubricating means for the cam shaft and rock shafts will efliciently perform the desired function.

Although I have, in the above specification, described one specific embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that the invention is capable of modification and that changes in the construction and in the arrangement of the various cooperating parts may be made Without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as expressed in the following claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s:

1. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination of a crank case having a wall provided with a series of openings, a cam shaft mounted in the crank case adjacent said openings, a single casing adapted to cover a plurality of said openings, means for detacha'bly securing said casing to the crank case, rocker arms mounted on said casing and extending through said openings into the crank case and adapted to be operated by said cam. shaft, and means extending through the wall between said openings for feeding lubricant to said rocker arms.

2. In a hydrocarbon motor, the comb-ination of a crank case provided with a series of open ngs, a cam shaft mounted in the crank case adjacent said openings, a single casing adapted to cover a plurality of said openings, means for detachably securing said casing'to the crank case, a plurality of hollow shafts mounted end-to-end in bearings in said casing, rocker arms mounted on said shafts and extending through said openings into the crank shaft to be operated by said cam shaft and means extending through the wall between the crank case openings for feeding lubricant between the abutting ends of said shafts and through said shafts to the bearings of said rocker arms.

3. In valve operatingv mechanism for hydrocarbon motors, a casing having a bearing therein, a hollow rock shaft mounted in said bearings, means for conducting lubricant to the interior of said shaft, a plurality of rocker arms pivoted on said shaft, means for conducting lubricant from the interior of said shaft to said rocker arms, and means preventing the unnecessary escape of lubricant at the ends of said rocker arms.

4. In valve operating mechanism for hydrocarbon motors, a casing having a bearing therein, a hollow rock shaft mounted in said bearings, means for conducting lubricant to the interior of said shaft, a plurality of rocker arms pivoted on said shaft, means for conducting lubricant from the interior of said shaft to said rocker arms, and resiliently actuated means preventing the unnecessary escape of lubricant at the ends of said rocker arms. 7

5. In a valve operating mechanism for hydrocarbon motors, a casing having a plurality of separated bearings, a plurality of hollow rock shafts mounted end-to-end in said bearings with the adjacent ends of two shafts arranged in one of said bearings, said adjacent ends having slots to conduct lubricant to the interior of the shafts, and means for feeding lubricant to said slots.

6. In valve operating mechanism for hydrocarbo-n motors, a casing having a supporting bearing, two hollow rock shafts arrzinged end-to-end with their adjacent ends in said bearing, said adjacent ends having slots to. conduct lubricant to the interior of the shafts, rocker arms pivoted on said shafts, one'at each side of said bearing, and means for feeding lubricant said slots.

llO

7. In val've operating mechanism for hydrocarbon motors, the combination with a. crank case having an opening therein, a cam shaft mounted in the crank case adjacent said opening, and means for feeding oil to said cam shaft, of a casing secured over said opening, shafts mounted in said casing, rooker arms carried by said shafts and extending through said opening into the crank case and operated by said cam shaft, and means for conducting the oil from the cam shaft through parts of said casing to the bearings of said rocker arms.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signa ture.

JESSE G. VINCENT. 

